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The Trump administration is rolling out a first-ever federal investment account for kids that aims to help the next generation of Americans build a nest egg by exposing them to financial markets at a young age.
Starting Saturday and coinciding with the U.S.'s 250th anniversary, parents can begin contributing to the so-called Trump Accounts, which have been open for enrollment since tax season. Also on Saturday, the U.S. Department of the Treasury will begin depositing $1,000 in seed money into the accounts of eligible newborns.
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"This is a game changer," Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said Tuesday during an appearance on Fox, adding that 38% of households don't own stocks. He says Trump Accounts are an effort to broaden access to U.S. markets.
In remarks made to Congress back in January, Bessent referred to Trump Accounts as “the defining policy” of Trump's presidency. “They mark a singular moment in economic history by expanding the benefits of private ownership and compound growth to all Americans."
Here’s what to know about the highly anticipated accounts and whether they will live up to the hype.
What are Trump Accounts?
Created by the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, Trump Accounts are free, tax-deferred investment accounts for kids, similar to custodial brokerage accounts and individual retirement accounts, or IRAs.
While the program is overseen by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the accounts themselves are administered by commercial banks.
Parents can open the accounts for any child with a Social Security number, and for eligible children born between Jan. 1, 2025, and Dec. 31, 2028, the Treasury Department will fund each account with a one-time deposit of $1,000. Not every child with an account will receive the incentive.
How do Trump Accounts work?
At first, the accounts work like a custodial brokerage account. That is, parents can open them up on behalf of their children and act as custodians of the accounts until the child turns 18. This period is known as the “growth period.”
At this stage, parents, friends and even employers can contribute up to a combined $5,000 per year into the investment accounts. This limit may increase annually based on inflation. Withdrawals from the account are restricted during this period.
In addition to the federal government’s $1,000 seed money, donors and state or local governments can also contribute to the accounts, and that sum will not count against the $5,000 annual limit.
The contributions must be invested in low-cost index funds that broadly track the U.S. stock market.
The core idea behind the account is to leverage time in the market and compound interest for years — even decades — to turn initial contributions into substantial sums once the children come of age.
On Jan. 1 of the year the child turns 18, the account leaves the growth period, ownership is transferred to the child, and the account essentially becomes an IRA, beholden to similar withdrawal rules.
For instance, the funds can be used penalty-free for education (including job training), a home down payment of up to $10,000 or expenses related to starting a business. The initial investment restrictions are also lifted, though contributions can only be made by the account holder.
Qualified withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income. But if the funds are used for other expenses, they are taxed as income plus a 10% withdrawal penalty. Like IRAs, the penalty goes away once the account holder turns 59 1/2.
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Who qualifies for Trump Accounts?
Any child with a Social Security number qualifies for an account as long as a parent or legal guardian opens and claims it for them.
To benefit from the $1,000 seed money from the federal government, those birth date restrictions apply: Jan. 1, 2025, to Dec. 31, 2028.
“We’re going to leave every child with real assets and a shot at financial freedom,” President Donald Trump said earlier this year at an event promoting the accounts. “All Americans will begin their lives with a beautiful nest egg.”
Additionally, dozens of major corporations have pledged to match either employee contributions or the federal government's seed deposit of $1,000.
Some notable companies taking part in the program include:
- Bank of America
- BlackRock
- Chime
- Citi Bank
- Chipotle
- Dell
- IBM
- Steak 'n Shake
- Vanguard
- Wells Fargo
Several states have also announced that they will make Trump Accounts available to foster children. One of those states, Oklahoma, said that it will provide $250 in seed money to residents with eligible newborns.
How much could Trump Accounts be worth?
Because Trump Accounts are designed to benefit from compound interest gains, they could produce some potentially eye-popping returns from relatively small contributions.
"Assuming historical growth rates continue," Bessent said at a June press event, "that single deposit in an index fund should grow to at least half a million dollars by the age of retirement."
While that scenario is certainly possible, it is based on several additional assumptions that won’t apply to every account holder.
For example, the account holder would need to:
- Qualify for the government seed funding of $1,000
- Invest in the S&P 500
- Not touch the account for over six decades
In that case — and assuming historical S&P 500 growth rates of about 10% apply — an initial contribution of $1,000 today could grow to nearly $750,000 over 67 years.
Of course, the real value of that nest egg will be far less due to nearly seven decades of inflation. Still, if parents, employers or local governments contribute, that sum could be much higher.
Perhaps the greatest assumption is that the investments won't be touched for over 60 years. Once young adults get access to the funds at 18, the temptation to use the money will run high. Many will surely want to use at least some of the money for college costs or homeownership before they reach retirement.
Alternatives to Trump Accounts
The two biggest comparisons to Trump Accounts are 529 college savings plans and custodial IRAs. Both accounts are opened by adults, usually parents or guardians, on behalf of children.
For 529 plans, contribution limits are much more flexible than Trump Accounts. Total lifetime 529 limits vary by state but are usually between $500,000 and $600,000. No annual limits apply. 529 plans also tend to have more flexible investment options, though they are set by individual states.
529 plan withdrawal rules are typically more flexible as well. When used on education-related expenses, 529 withdrawals are tax-free. That includes up to $20,000 for tuition or fees for K-12 schools and up to $10,000 for student loan repayment. Non-qualified withdrawals are subject to income taxes and a 10% penalty.
If there is leftover money after schooling, up to $35,000 may be rolled over into a Roth IRA as long as the 529 plan has been open for at least 15 years.
The other main alternative to Trump Accounts is the custodial IRA. Like Trump Accounts, these can be opened on behalf of minors — usually by their parents. The accounts can be either Roth (pre-tax) or traditional (after-tax), whereas Trump Accounts only allow for after-tax contributions by parents.
Regular $7,500 annual IRA contribution limits apply to custodial accounts, and investment options are as flexible as regular IRAs.
At 18, the young adult takes ownership of the account and can begin investing in it like a typical IRA.
Depending on the savings goal, both 529 accounts and IRAs boast clear advantages for flexibility with investment options and contributions.
However, these existing options lack one major perk of Trump Accounts: a $1,000 jumpstart contribution from the federal government for some newborns.
How to open a Trump Account
There are a few ways to sign up for a Trump Account.
In May, the Trump administration released an app to enroll, track and contribute to the accounts.
Other options include filling out IRS Form 4547 and filing it manually or by accessing the form through TrumpAccounts.gov. The form requires names, addresses, Social Security numbers and other basic information for each child associated with the account(s).
For children born within the date range for the $1,000 federal contribution, be sure to check box No. 7 if filing out the tax form directly.
Additionally, each physical form has fields for only two children, but any number of children can qualify. For three or more children, use as many additional 4547 forms as necessary. Finally, attach the form(s) to your tax return and wait.
Editorial note: This article has been updated with new information on Trump Accounts. We will continue updating it as more details are confirmed.